A robust MPC design concerning on battery variables for frequency regulation and saving battery life collaborating with demand response for a multi-source integrated power system

The present work has taken a challenge to design model predictive controller (MPC) for automatic load frequency control (ALFC) of two-area, wind-integrated thermal power system equipped with battery energy storage (BESS) and demand response (DR) regulation task. Primarily, the incremental BESS employs new state charge (SOC)-based strategy regulate from saving life. Then, DR, along SOC-based BESS, is employed in ALFC regulation. A modified space MPC incorporating all variables developed studied system. performance designed examined inertia issues arising wind conventional two-area Furthermore, capability effect on life proposed are measured through MPC-based results compared when integral present. In addition DR ALFC, double-fed induction generator-based proportional derivative (PD) also contributes support section avoid issues. So, controllers test such as PD tuned concurrently smooth control. However, tested by tuning gain only while keeping parameters available literature. Particle swarm optimization used tune compare ALFC. transfer function into consideration study verify effectiveness variable concerning collaborating provide safe Finally, confirm DR- various case studies.